Igikoresho cyo gukata laser gikora gite?

.Impamvu laser ikoreshwa mu gukata?

“LASER”, ijambo rihinnye risobanura “Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation”, rikoreshwa cyane mu nzego zose z'ubuzima, iyo laser ikoreshejwe ku mashini ikata, igera ku mashini ikata ifite umuvuduko mwinshi, umwanda muke, ibintu bike bikoreshwa, kandi ikagira agace gato kabangamiwe n'ubushyuhe. Muri icyo gihe, igipimo cy'impinduka z'amashanyarazi ku mashini ikata laser gishobora kuba kinini kurusha inshuro ebyiri ugereranije n'imashini ikata dioxyde de carbone, kandi uburebure bw'urumuri rwa fiber laser ni nanometero 1070, bityo ikaba ifite igipimo cyo kwinjizamo ibintu byinshi, bikaba ingirakamaro cyane iyo ikata ibyuma bito. Ibyiza byo gukata laser bituma iba ikoranabuhanga rikomeye mu gukata ibyuma, rikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zikora imashini n'inganda, ibisanzwe cyane ni ugukata ibyuma, gukata mu rwego rw'imodoka, nibindi.

.Igikoresho gikata laser gikora gite?

I. Ihame ryo Gutunganya Laser

Umurabyo wa laser ushyirwa ahantu hafite urumuri rufite umurambararo muto cyane (umurambararo muto ushobora kuba munsi ya mm 0.1). Mu mutwe ukata laser, uwo murambararo ufite ingufu nyinshi uzanyura mu kirahuri cyihariye cyangwa mu ndorerwamo igoramye, uzunguruke mu byerekezo bitandukanye, hanyuma amaherezo uteranyirizwa ku kintu cy'icyuma kigomba gucibwa. Aho umutwe ukata laser waciwe, icyuma gishonga vuba, gihinduka umwuka, gishya, cyangwa kikagera aho umuriro ucanira. Icyuma gihinduka umwuka kugira ngo kibe imyobo, hanyuma umwuka utemba cyane unyuzwa mu muyoboro wa coaxial hamwe n'umuraba. Hamwe n'umuvuduko ukomeye w'iyi gaze, icyuma cy'amazi kirakurwaho, hagakorwa icyuho.

Imashini zikata laser zikoresha optique na mudasobwa igenzura imibare (CNC) kugira ngo ziyobore igiti cyangwa ibikoresho, ubusanzwe iyi ntambwe ikoresha sisitemu yo kugenzura imikorere kugira ngo ikurikirane kode ya CNC cyangwa G y'igishushanyo kigomba gucibwa ku bikoresho, kugira ngo hagerwe ku gukata imiterere itandukanye.

II. Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo gutunganya laser

1) Gukata hakoreshejwe laser gushonga

Gukata hakoreshejwe laser ni ugukoresha ingufu z'umurabyo wa laser mu gushyushya no gushonga ibikoresho by'icyuma, hanyuma ugatera umwuka udafunze (N2, Air, nibindi) binyuze mu muyoboro wa coaxial ukoresheje icyuma, hanyuma ugakuramo icyuma cy'amazi wifashishije umuvuduko ukomeye wa gaze kugira ngo hakorwe umushongi wo gukata.

Gukata hakoreshejwe laser bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukata ibintu bidahumanya cyangwa ibyuma bihindura imikorere nk'icyuma kidashonga, titaniyumu, aluminiyumu n'ibindi bikoresho byabyo.

2) Gukata ogisijeni hakoreshejwe laser

Ihame ryo gukata ogisijeni muri laser risa no gukata oksijeti. Ikoresha laser nk'isoko yo gushyushya mbere y'igihe naho gazi ikora nka ogisijeni nk'umwuka ukata. Ku ruhande rumwe, gazi isohoka ikorana n'icyuma, igatanga ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa ogisijeni. Ubu bushyuhe burahagije kugira ngo bushongeshe icyuma. Ku rundi ruhande, ogisijeni ishongeshejwe n'icyuma gishongeshejwe biva mu gace k'igerageza, bigatuma icyuma gicika.

Gukata ogisijeni hakoreshejwe laser bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu byuma byoroshye gukaraba nk'icyuma cya karuboni. Bishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu gutunganya ibyuma bitangiza umwijima n'ibindi bikoresho, ariko igice ni umukara kandi giteye nabi, kandi igiciro kiri hasi ugereranyije n'icyo gukata gazi idakora.